ts future might be shrouded in gloom, and the hope of its prophets go out in sorr. Further, if this demand were not complied with, another Scotland would be added to the history of religious liberty, and the stern old Covenanters would be thrown into the shade. He wrote and presented a speech that challenged . Pride and patriotism, not less than gratitude, prompt you to celebrate and to hold it in perpetual remembrance. In his speech, "The Hypocrisy of American Slavery . Your President, your Secretary of State, your lords, nobles, and ecclesiastics, enforce, as a duty you owe to your free and glorious country, and to your God, that you do this accursed thing. They convert the very name of religion into an engine of tyranny, and barbarous cruelty, and serve to confirm more infidels, in this age, than all the infidel writings of Thomas Paine, Voltaire, and Bolingbroke, put together, have done! Is slavery among them? But it is answered in reply to all this, that precisely what I have now denounced is, in fact, guaranteed and sanctioned by the Constitution of the United States; that the right to hold and to hunt slaves is a part of that Constitution framed by the illustrious Fathers of this Republic. Douglass then returns to the topic of the founding of the United States. You live and must die, and you must do your work. The drove moves tardily. He implored the Rochester, N.Y., audience to think about the ongoing oppression of Black Americans during a holiday celebrating . Must I argue that a system thus marked with blood, and stained with pollution, is wrong? It was demanded, in the name of humanity, and according to the law of the living God. He is a bird for the sportsmans gun. There are exceptions, and I thank God that there are. Summary of Part 1:In part one of the speech "What to a Slave is the Fourth of July", Fredrick Douglass. by Frederick Douglass 1852 11th Grade Lexile: 1140 Font Size Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was an African American social reformer, orator, and writer. See, too, that girl of thirteen, weeping, yes! your shouts of liberty and equality, hollow mockery." Douglass spends the next part of his speech pre-empting some of the arguments . There are illustrations of it near and remote, ancient and modern. Wind, steam, and lightning are its chartered agents. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? The rich inheritance of justice, liberty, prosperity and independence, bequeathed by your fathers, is shared by you, not by me. Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens: He who could address this audience without a quailing sensation, has stronger nerves than I have. Not for thieves and robbers, enemies of society, merely, but for men guilty of no crime. ROY: The event that were doing in Somerville puts pressure on whitewashed conceptions of the Fourth of July, as many people to this day still view it as a celebration of American food, fireworks, and freedom. One of the biggest challenges we face in our present moment is building sustainable movements that fundamentally change peoples minds about race and racism. [16][17] Finally, the Act did not allow the accused individual of defending themselves in court. A feeling has crept over me, quite unfavorable to the exercise of my limited powers of speech. These gentlemen have, as I think, fully and clearly vindicated the Constitution from any design to support slavery for an hour.Fellow-citizens! Must I undertake to prove that the slave is a man? Rhetorical Analysis Of Harvey Fourth Of July. Ossie DavisA Voice Ringing O'er the Gale! Oh! Frederick Douglass, circa 1879. [19]. And instead of being the honest men I have before declared them to be, they were the veriest imposters that ever practiced on mankind. The duty to extirpate and destroy it, is admitted even by our DOCTORS OF DIVINITY. [13] Although the import of people directly from Africa had been banned in 1807,[14] the domestic slave trade, still legal, was thriving. What point in the anti-slavery creed would you have me argue? Follow the drove to New Orleans. I, therefore, leave off where I began, with hope. Did this law concern the mint, anise, and cuminabridge the fight to sing psalms, to partake of the sacrament, or to engage in any of the ceremonies of religion, it would be smitten by the thunder of a thousand pulpits. That people contented themselves under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds which made his name great. We are met on the threshold of our efforts for the redemption of the slave, by the church and ministry of the country, in battle arrayed against us; and we are compelled to fight or flee. There is not time now to argue the constitutional question at length nor have I the ability to discuss it as it ought to be discussed. According to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still lingering in the period of childhood. [6] Due to this and the variant titles given to it in various places, and the fact that it is called a July Fourth Oration but was actually delivered on July 5, some confusion has arisen about the date and contents of the speech. I lived on Philpot Street, Fells Point, Baltimore, and have watched from the wharves, the slave ships in the Basin, anchored from the shore, with their cargoes of human flesh, waiting for favorable winds to waft them down the Chesapeake. It is a slander upon their memory, at least, so I believe. The time was when such could be done. we wept when we remembered Zion. I will not enlarge further on your national inconsistencies. We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof. Do you mean, citizens, to mock me, by asking me to speak to-day? To me the American slave-trade is a terrible reality. America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future, Douglass said. Space is comparatively annihilated. Sydney Smith tells us that men seldom eulogize the wisdom and virtues of their fathers, but to excuse some folly or wickedness of their own. I am not included within the pale of this glorious anniversary! See this drove sold and separated forever; and never forget the deep, sad sobs that arose from that scattered multitude. The founding fathers left black people and women out of these rights for "everyone." Douglass referred not only to the captivity of enslaved people, but to the merciless exploitation and the cruelty and torture that slaves were subjected to in the United States. A John Knox would be seen at every church door, and heard from every pulpit, and Fillmore would have no more quarter than was shown by Knox, to the beautiful, but treacherous queen Mary of Scotland. My soul sickens at the sight. No nation can now shut itself up from the surrounding world, and trot round in the same old path of its fathers without interference. The time for such argument is passed.At a time like this, scorching irony, not convincing argument, is needed. My subject, then fellow-citizens, is AMERICAN SLAVERY. He further says, the Constitution, in its words, is plain and intelligible, and is meant for the home-bred, unsophisticated understandings of our fellow-citizens. The sunlight that brought life and healing to you, has brought stripes and death to me. who stand as the very lights of the church, have shamelessly given the sanction of religion and the Bible to the whole slave system. I will not equivocate; I will not excuse;. But I differ from those who charge this baseness on the framers of the Constitution of the United States. Text Frederick Douglass, " What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? Keidrick Roy, the host of the virtual reading event. . The Sharps, the Clarksons, the Wilberforces, the Buxtons, and Burchells and the Knibbs, were alike famous for their piety, and for their philanthropy. Feeling themselves harshly and unjustly treated by the home government, your fathers, like men of honesty, and men of spirit, earnestly sought redress. After this, he turns his attention to the church. I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. Youll never experience a black hole, but Avi Loeb can help you imagine one, We need individual events like reading Douglass, but we also need to be thinking about ways to extend this conversation over the long term., Level of cannabis use could determine post-op outcomes, Historian says Fla. dispute shows why AP class in African American studies is needed, Why Church Committee alums urged new House panel to avoid partisanship, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?, Rewriting history to include all of it this time. By an act of the American Congress, not yet two years old, Mason and Dixons line has been obliterated, Did this law concern the mint, anise, and cumin. When you can point to any such laws, in reference to the beasts of the field, then I may consent to argue the manhood of the slave. In the solitude of my spirit, I see clouds of dust raised on the highways of the South; I see the bleeding footsteps; I hear the doleful wail of fettered humanity, on the way to the slave-markets, where the victims are to be sold like horses, sheep, and swine, knocked off to the highest bidder. This truth is not a doubtful one. ROY: Douglass wrote the speech in the wake of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which effectively extended the reach of slave power in the South throughout the rest of the country. one of the most important speeches of the 19th century? Attend the auction; see men examined like horses; see the forms of women rudely and brutally exposed to the shocking gaze of American slave-buyers. be warned! Your fathers have lived, died, and have done their work, and have done much of it well. ROY:One of the things that Douglass writings shows us is that he believed in amplifying a variety of voices. At some future period I will gladly avail myself of an opportunity to give this subject a full and fair discussion.Allow me to say, in conclusion, notwithstanding the dark picture I have this day presented of the state of the nation, I do not despair of this country. The manhood of the slave is conceded. Seventy-six years, though a good old age for a man, is but a mere speck in the life of a nation. To honor Black History Month, as an introduction or review of rhetorical appeals and devices, or as a speech exemplar, this Frederick Douglass "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July" rhetoric activity is a fabulous addition to any lesson. Long established customs of hurtful character could formerly fence themselves in, and do their evil work with social impunity. The United States does not have to stay the way it is. As the project scholar, my role is to advise the process as it rolls out, to give a talk that provides contemporary and historical context and to facilitate the community discussion around the speech against the backdrop of other relevant issues. It has been denounced with burning words, from the high places of the nation, as an execrable traffic. Before you read the speech you can follow these links to learn more about Douglass's life and the evolution of his thought in this period. The arm of commerce has borne away the gates of the strong city. The eye of the reformer is met with angry flashes, portending disastrous times; but his heart may well beat lighter at the thought that America is young, and that she is still in the impressible stage of her existence. In order to put an end to it, some of these last have consented that their colored brethren (nominally free) should leave this country, and establish themselves on the western coast of Africa! 00 Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? Nations do not now stand in the same relation to each other that they did ages ago. [5] American studies professor Andrew S. Bibby argues that because many of the editions produced for educational use are abridged, they often misrepresent Douglass's original through omission or editorial focus. They felt themselves the victims of grievous wrongs, wholly incurable in their colonial capacity. Douglass believed that slavery could be eliminated with the support of the church, and also with the reexamination of what the Bible was actually saying. How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? On July 5, 1852, Frederick Douglass gave a keynote address at an Independence Day celebration and asked, "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" Douglass was a powerful orator, often traveling six months out of the year to give lectures on abolition. You discourse eloquently on the dignity of labor; yet, you sustain a system which, in its very essence, casts a stigma upon labor. GAZETTE: This is your second year as host of Reading Frederick Douglass Together in Somerville. Not fewer than forty Americans have, within the past two years, been hunted down and, without a moments warning, hurried away in chains, and consigned to slavery and excruciating torture. had I the ability, and could I reach the nations ear, I would, to-day, pour out a fiery stream of biting ridicule, blasting reproach, withering sarcasm, and stern rebuke. With brave men there is always a remedy for oppression. If youre not a person of color, its one thing to go to a couple of events or protests, or to read a few articles and move on. 5.0. See this drove sold and separated forever; and never forget the deep, sad sobs that arose from that scattered multitude. For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? when ye make many prayers, I will not hear. Africa must rise and put on her yet unwoven garment. 4th period Mrs. Landrew Fredrick Douglass Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave who became a prominent activist, author and public speaker. [4], Noted for its biting irony and bitter rhetoric, and acute textual analysis of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and the Christian Bible, the speech is among the most widely known of all of Douglass's writings. Douglass was a former slave of the 19th century and soon became a leader during the Abolitionist Movement. The Oratory of Fr. Summary: "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" In "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?", otherwise known as "The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro," Frederick Douglassoutlines a careful argument against the institution of slavery and more specifically the Fugitive Slave Act. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? . Of this sort of change they are always strongly in favor. Cling to this daycling to it, and to its principles, with the grasp of a storm-tossed mariner to a spar at midnight, Neither steam nor lightning had then been reduced to order and discipline, With them, justice, liberty and humanity were final; not slavery and oppression. Ever ready to drink, to treat, and to gamble. So its important that our city and our society are outraged by the recent murders of unarmed black people. With this product, you can choose to either have your students read the entire speech and annotate and analyze Douglass' rhetorical devices or you can choose to have your students read shorter excerpts from the speech and do an abbreviated annotation and analysis of rhetorical devices. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July by Frederick Douglass annotation? When the dogs in your streets, when the fowls of the air, when the cattle on your hills, when the fish of the sea, and the reptiles that crawl, shall be unable to distinguish the slave from a brute, then will I argue with you that the slave is a man!For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. These people were called Tories in the days of your fathers. I will not. They convert the very name of religion into an engine of tyranny and barbarous cruelty, and serve to confirm more infidels, in this age, than all the infidel writings of Thomas Paine, Voltaire, and Bolingbroke put together have done. In short, it gave the federal government an active role in maintaining the Souths system of slavery. What characteristics does he praise about them? nor the perfect gage I think I have of Corinthian Hall, the slave plantation, from which I escaped, and trusting to your patient and generous indulgence, I will proceed to lay them before you, This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. Read its preamble, consider its purposes. Douglass addressed a part of the population for which the day had huge significance the true independence, he argues, is not for the American people, but for the American slave. Some of these have had wives and children, dependent on them for bread; but of this, no account was made. You have no right to wear out and waste the hard-earned fame of your fathers to cover your indolence. What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? Is that a question for Republicans? there is no matter in respect to which, the people of the North have allowed themselves to be so ruinously imposed upon, as that of the pro-slavery character of the Constitution. Were the nation older, the patriots heart might be sadder, and the reformers brow heavier. He also wrote a letter to Ida B. It is said that America is built on the idea of liberty and freedom, but Douglass tells his audience that more than anything, it is built on inconsistencies and hypocrisies that have been overlooked for so long they appear to be truths. Initially mentored by William Lloyd Garrison, Douglass Americans! By that most foul and fiendish of all human decrees, the liberty and person of every man are put in peril. A general shout would go up from the church, demanding repeal, repeal, instant repeal!And it would go hard with that politician who presumed to solicit the votes of the people without inscribing this motto on his banner. He talks about how Americans are proud of their country and their religion and how they rejoice in the name of freedom and liberty and yet they do not offer those things to millions of their country's residents. That trade has long since been denounced by this government, as piracy. This year is pretty challenging in the wake of COVID-19, and the event is going to be held online instead of before a live audience like we did last year. I am also hosting a summer reading and discussion series called Race, Fragility, and Anti-Racism through the Somerville Museum and the City on a Hill network of local churches. Walled cities and empires have become unfashionable. If so, there is a parallel to your conduct. In a case like that, the dumb might eloquently speak, and the lame man leap as an hart.But, such is not the state of the case. Everywhere, in this country, it is safe to speak of this foreign slave-trade, as a most inhuman traffic, opposed alike to the laws of God and of man. For black men there are neither law, justice, humanity, not religion. Douglass denounces the churches for betraying their own biblical and Christian values. Not everyone. welcome atheism! Douglass argues that religion is the center of the problem but also the main solution to it. True Christians, according to Douglass, should not stand idly by while the rights and liberty of others are stripped away. be warned! That point is conceded already. This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 19:31. You hurl your anathemas at the crowned headed tyrants of Russia and Austria, and pride yourselves on your Democratic institutions, while you yourselves consent to be the mere tools and body-guards of the tyrants of Virginia and Carolina. whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. Without this fight, the liberty of an American citizen would be as insecure as that of a Frenchman. Born into slavery around 1818, Douglass became a key leader of the abolitionist. On the 2d of July, 1776, the old Continental Congress, to the dismay of the lovers of ease, and the worshipers of property, clothed that dreadful idea with all the authority of national sanction. Douglass details the hardships past Americans once endured when they were members of British colonies and validates their feelings of ill treatment. Where these are, man is not sacred. Frederick Douglass, ca 1855, Metropolitan Museum of Art. Their opposition to the then dangerous thought was earnest and powerful; but, amid all their terror and affrighted vociferations against it, the alarming and revolutionary idea moved on, and the country with it. But its quite another to change the way you see yourself and to grow into a person deeply committed to long-term interracial coalition building. In the second part of the speech, Douglass turns to the present and his own feelings about the 4th of July . There, see the old man, with locks thinned and gray. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? In "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" Frederick Douglass sought not only to convince people of the wrongfulness of slavery but also to make abolition more acceptable to Northern whites. He became a leader in the abolitionist movement, which sought to end the practice of slavery, before and during the Civil War. I am not that man. The existence of slavery in this country brands your republicanism as a sham, your humanity as a base pretence, and your Christianity as a lie. A self-taught man, he escaped from slavery and eventually became a leader in the abolitionist movement. Her speed had faltered under the weight of her child and her chains! They may sometimes rise in quiet and stately majesty, and inundate the land, refreshing and fertilizing the earth with their mysterious properties. Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY, on July. Yea! The little experience I have had in addressing public meetings, in country schoolhouses, avails me nothing on the present occasion. [11] Additionally, he had spoken there less than three months prior to this speech, on March 25. Then would my task be light, and my burden easy and delightful. The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common. He thinks they were extremely intelligent, and the thinks it is admirable that when they realized they were oppressed by Britain, they rebelled. It is the antagonistic force in your government, the only thing that seriously disturbs and endangers your Union. No! [8] Frederick Douglass had moved to Rochester in 1847 in order to publish his newspaper The North Star. The fiat of the Almighty, Let there be Light, has not yet spent its force. The well-known speech was previously known as The Meaning of July the Fourth for the Negro. 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